Centuries of Change - Which Century Saw the Most Change and Why it Matters to Us by Ian Mortimer

Com este livro Ian Mortimer propõe-se a analisar os últimos dez séculos ao nível das mudanças que se observaram na civilização humana - centrado na sociedade ocidental - num exercício que pretende determinar qual foi o século que viu maior mudança.

O autor começa por explicar a sua abordagem, justificando a opção de se dedicar ao ocidente, e depois faz uma descrição de cada século tendo em conta as mudanças e os agentes de mudança a cada momento. Este caminho acaba por ser uma óptima forma de recordar a nossa história o caminho que a nossa civilização percorreu até se tornar no que é agora.

No final, o autor olha para trás e recorre a alguns critérios para poder determinar as principais mudanças e agentes e consequentemente, os séculos em que maiores mudanças ocorreram, até à decisão final.

Se é verdade que nem sempre concordei com a eleição do autor - o que obviamente se relaciona com os valores individuais e perspectivas a priori, como o próprio refere - é igualmente verdade que o autor soube sempre justificar as suas opções de forma lógica e credível.

O interesse deste livro, mais do que o cálculo ou a comparação para determinar o vencedor, é o que lembra o próprio subtítulo - porquê que isso é importante? 

"Breaking down the overarching concept of change into smaller facets has allowed us to glimpse the dynamics of long-term human development. We can see that not all change is technological: it includes language, individualism, philosophy, religious division, secularisation, geographical discovery, social reform and the weather."

Mortimer termina com uma análise muito relevante da nossa evolução civilizacional e uma previsão do que poderá ser o nosso caminho no futuro a médio-longo prazo. 

O século vencedor? É um pormenor.

Tive acesso gratuito a este livro através do NetGalley.

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With this work, Ian Mortimer intends to a analyse the last ten centuries and determine the changes in human civilization - focused on the so called western world - with the purpose of finding the one which saw the biggest changes.

The author starts by explaining his approach, justifying the option for the western civilization, and then, chapter by chapter, describes each century taking into account the changes and the agents of those changes at the time. This method ends up becoming a good way to remember history and the pathway our civilization has treaded before it became what it is today.
After this, the author looks back and uses some criteria to be able to determine the main changes and agents and the centuries that saw them happen.
I didn't always agree with the author's choices or opinions - something that is obviously related to individual values and perspectives, as the author himself refers - but he does explain his options showing sound logic and justification.

The main relevance of the book, in my opinion, much more than finding out in which century we changed the most, is what the subtitle asks - "Why it Matters to Us?"

"Breaking down the overarching concept of change into smaller facets has allowed us to glimpse the dynamics of long-term human development. We can see that not all change is technological: it includes language, individualism, philosophy, religious division, secularisation, geographical discovery, social reform and the weather."

Mortimer ends with a very relevant analysis of our civilization's evolution and a prediction of what our future can hold.

The winning century? It is but a detail.


I had free access to this book through NetGalley.

East of West Vol.1: The Promise by Jonathan Hickman and Nick Dragotta

Em East of West, Jonathan Hickman e Nick Dragotta misturam alguma ficção científica com um enredo tipicamente fantástico - a besta do apocalipse - de uma forma extremamente importante. Este primeiro volume é uma apresentação das personagens, as suas histórias e motivações e a sua posição num planeta Terra com uma história alternativa. O leitor segue Morte que está aqui contra os seus três companheiros cavaleiros do apocalypse (aqui crianças) e a sua busca por vingança e pela mulher que ama. "Amar até à morte" tem todo um novo alcança em East of West, onde três personagens conseguem destruir exércitos inteiros ou determinar quem é presidente matando todos os restantes "candidatos".

É isto que quero num primeiro volume de uma série: uma história que me deixa curioso sem se revelar demasiado, personagens que de facto quero conhecer (e descobrir o que vão fazer a seguir) e um mundo intrigante, tanto tecnologica como politicamente, que mal posso esperar para ver explorado.

Li esta banda-desenhada inicialmente através do NetGalley, mas gostei tanto que acabei por comprar o volume em papel e encomendar o seguinte. Em East of West, Hickman está ao seu mais alto nível e Dragotta convence-me inevitavelmente, enquanto as suas personagens parecem viver entre o apocalipse e o armageddon.

In East of West, Jonathan Hickman and Nick Dragotta find a way to mix a few science fiction themes with a major typical fantasy plot - the beast of the apocalypse - in a very interesting way. This first volume is a presentation of the characters, their general background and drive and where they stand in this weirdly time displaced, wonderfully confused, alternate history Earth. The reader follows Death who is against his three apocalyptic siblings (here incarnated as children) and his quest for a human woman he seems to love. "I love you to death" gets a whole new meaning and scope in East of West, as a few characters get to murder entire armies or determine the results of a promotion by killing off the unwanted "candidates".

This is exactly what I enjoy in introductory volumes: a story that piques my curiosity without revealing itself too much, characters I really want to get to know, and a world intriguing enough (both technologically and politically) that I can hardly wait to see it further explored.

I got to read this first volume from NetGalley, but I liked it so much that I bought the paperback and will order the next ones This is Hickman at his usual best and Dragotta making me a fan, while their characters live between apocalypse and armageddon. 

Great Pacific Vol.1: Trashed! by Joe Harris and Martin Morazzo

Foi-me dada a oportunidade de ler esta BD através do NetGalley. A ideia de uma história em que o protagonista decide fazer dum monte de lixo flutuante um país criou-me expectativas muito altas para um princípio que, ainda que longe de ser mau, não me conseguiu convencer.

Joe Harris tem muitas ideias para esta obra e talvez tenha tentado usar demasiadas logo nos primeiros números, de forma que antes de conseguir sequer perceber com que tipo de protagonista estou a lidar já ele foi exposto a um sem número de situações mais ou menos descabidas que apesar de tudo parecem nunca ter o devido impacto nele. Há, para além disto, uma mistura mal definida entre elementos de ficção científica ambientalista utópica e uma série de acontecimentos e elementos de dúbia credibilidade que me recordaram a minha recente experiência com o pós-modernismo. Esta mistura podia claramente originar uma BD genial, mas no caso, talvez por alguma falha na forma de contar a história, na fluidez do enredo ou da falta de um princípio mais consistente e convincente, simplesmente não me entusiasmou.

A ilustração, a cargo de Martin Morazzo, é competente, em especial a nível de background e mesmo de alguns elementos, mas é medíocre na caracterização de algumas personagens,  tendo painéis muito bons e momentos em que não está de todo bem conseguida e acaba por ser contra-producente para a leitura.

Sendo assim, esta é a meu ver uma BD mediana, que nem me faria prosseguir nem desaconselhar a sua leitura. No entanto, tenho visto na internet que os números seguintes - a ser coleccionados num segundo volume - são substancialmente melhores, pelo que pondero dar-he mais essa oportunidade, até porque quero muito que este conceito resulte.

Resta-me lembrar que o Great Pacific garbage patch existe mesmo e talvez devesse justificar uma alteração considerável da forma como nós fazemos uma grande parte das nossas actividades, não?

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I had access to Great Pacific Volume 1: Trashed through NetGalley. The concept of a guy trying to turn a heap of trash into a nation really raised my expectations ever since I heard of it, probably too much for a beginning that, though far from bad, didn't really make my day.

Joe Harris has a lot of ideas for this work and maybe he just tried to use too many right from the start, resulting in a protagonist that is exposed to too many odd situations before I even know who he really is and that seem to have no palpable impact on him. I also had some trouble with the strange mixture between ecological utopian science fiction items and a series of events and elements that reminded me of post-modern narrative, something that could have been awesome but ended up uninteresting, perhaps due to some failure in storytelling, lack of flow or of a consistent and convincing beginning.

Martin Morazzo's illustration  is competent, specially in terms of background and some specific elements, but is mediocre when considering some character's characterization, ending up with some very good panels and moments where it fails to help the storytelling.

This is an average comic, that would neither convince me to keep reading it nor really advise people to avoid it. In spite of this, I have heard that the next issues are much better than the one collected in Trashed, so I am actually considering giving it another go, if for nothing else, because I really want this concept to work out.

Last but not least, I must remind anyone reading this that the Great Pacific garbage patch is quite real and should probably, by itself, be making us change how we do a lot of stuff, shouldn't it?

Bloodlight - The Apocalypse of Robert Goldner by Harambee K. Grey-Sun

Bloodlight foi mais uma aposta no NetGalley. O autor propõe-se a escrever uma obra de ficção que lhe permita explorar simultaneamente a vida de um adolescente inseguro e questões metafísicas como a religião e o conceito de realidade. Se a ideia do autor me agrada bastante, infelizmente o resultado final ficou bastante aquém das expectativas.

O livro de Grey-Sun é uma história de fantasia que se aproxima bastante da literatura weird sem no entanto ser tão eficaz a transmitir sensações como escritores de horror que li anteriormente como H. P. Lovecraft ou Laird Barron. A fantasia que tem por base a religião cristã não é tanto uma exploração da religião mas uma simples transformação conceptual de algumas das suas figuras para dar contexto à história. Robert Goldner, a personagem principal, é um adolescente de 17 anos com graves problemas de auto-confiança e uma ideia estranha e imatura de afirmação pessoal que se torna plausível num contexto de bullying e racismo e numa escola completamente dividida em grupos quase estanques como estamos habituados a ver em filmes ou séries sobre adolescentes americanos. Como personagem principal, Robert não me convenceu e a sua história de insegurança não tem, em si, especial novidade que a distinga de tantas outras.  Enquanto lida com a sua vida já de si complicada, Robert começa a sentir alucinações cada vez mais vívidas e complexas e é na descrição destas que o livro se destaca. Por um lado, há que admitir a enorme imaginação do autor na criação das várias alucinações e na forma como conseguiu que algumas acabassem por fazer sentido tendo em conta o final. Por outro lado, há uma tal quantidade de momentos alucinatórios que as suas descrições ao pormenor se tornam cansativas e desnecessárias.

A prosa de Grey-Sun não é de resto especialmente bem conseguida, nem no que toca à narração nem no que toca ao pensamento da personagem principal. Os diálogos são em geral simples e directos, adicionando pouco à história que não uma interrupção da narração.

Ainda que não terrível, Bloodlight foi, por tudo isto, uma leitura desapontante que não atingiu os objectivos que o autor definiu e que me tirou a vontade de ler a trilogia da qual é prequela.

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Bloodlight was another NetGalley bet. The author set himself to write a work of fiction that would allow him to explore simultaneously the insecurities of a teenager and metaphysical issues such as religion and reality. If this idea seemed really good, unfortunately the final result ended up being below expectations.

Grey-Sun's book is a fantasy history quite close to weird fiction though far from the effectiveness of horror writers I've read before such as H. P. Lovecraft or Laird Barron. The fantasy has its basis on christianism but it's not so much an exploration of religion but a simple transformation of some of its faces to give this story context. Robert Goldner, the main character, is a seventeen year old boy with severe issues of self-confidence and an odd concept of self-affirmation that is believable considering a context of bullying and racism and a school divided in cliques typical of american teen TV series. As the main focus of the story, Robert didn't grab me and his story doesn't differ from so many others about these issues that abound nowadays. While he deals with his already complicated life, Robert starts having hallucinations that grow more vivid and complex and its in their description that the book stands out. On one hand, one must admit the author's huge imagination shown by these hallucinations and by his ability to create some delirious moments that actually make sense considering the ending. On the other hand, the hallucinations where often overdone and the moments are so frequent that their descriptions end up being boring and unnecessary.
Grey-Sun's prose isn't specially well achieved neither in event narration nor in the wording of the main character's thoughts. The dialogues were in general simple and straightforward, adding little or nothing to the story apart from a needed interruption to the otherwise never-ending narration.
Although not terrible, Bloodlight was a disappointing read that failed to achieve the author's purposes and ended up making me give up on reading the trilogy that follows this prequel.

14 by Peter Clines

Decidi requisitar este livro no NetGalley por ter lido um comentário de um autor dizendo que seria uma leitura ao estilo de Lost. De facto, a estrutura da história lembra facilmente a série, mas as semelhanças ficam-se por aí. Peter Clines não tem a subtileza do suspense da série e cruza o seu mistério com outros estilos de horror, de forma que o resultado final é algo estranho.

14 é a história de como a chegada de Nate ao edifício Kavach despoleta uma série de investigações dos inquilinos sobre a sua casa, culminando não só na descoberta do que o Kavach é mas também na possibilidade de se destruir a humanidade.

O prédio é, de facto, muito estranho. Nenhuma das pessoas que lá vive tem sonhos durante a noite, há baratas verdes com pernas extra, cada apartamento tem um tamanho e organização diferentes e há portas trancadas para nunca serem abertas. Facilmente se compreende como os inquilinos não conseguem segurar a sua curiosidade e, à medida que vão ganhando confiança uns com os outros, vão formando um grupo de investigadores à revelia do encarregado que parece estar determinado a impedi-los.

A escrita de Clines é pouco elaborada e as suas personagens são em geral simples peões num enredo em que a estrela é sem dúvida o edifício. Nota-se que este livro é, essencialmente, fruto da sua vontade de contar esta história, não havendo espaço para especial evolução das personagens que a povoam, com a notável excepção de Nate. O mistério é interessante e vai sendo revelado aos poucos, nunca deixando o ritmo abrandar mas sem revelar demasiado do que se espera ser o final. Tentando não contar demasiado para não estragar a leitura aos interessados, limito-me a dizer que podem contar com uma mistura entre Lost, steampunk e H.P. Lovecraft. O livro está pejado de referências à cultura popular e geek actual, desde Lost e Fringe a Star Trek ou Twilight Sone, ao ponto de se tornarem cansativas. Gosto bastante de detectar referências nas minhas leituras mas quando isso parece ser o único ornamento da escrita do autor a piada sucumbe à exaustão.

Para quem não se incomodar com SPOILERS, há mais a dizer sobre a obra de Peter Clines. Um ponto positivo é o seu tratamento das relações interpessoais. Não lhes dá demasiado foco mas mostra a sua influência nas decisões das personagens e não se preocupa com encaixes bonitos ou lições de moral. Um homem acha uma mulher atraente mas acaba por se apaixonar por outra, sem que nenhuma tenha que ser melhor ou pior pessoa, simplesmente porque acontece. Um ponto negativo é o final mal explorado, em que criaturas imortais capazes de viagens interdimensionais são burras ao ponto de dar tempo e oportunidade aos humanos para lhes impedir a entrada na Terra.

Não sendo uma obra-prima, 14 é no entanto competente como entretenimento, segurando o leitor migalha a migalha e sempre com algo inesperado à espreita, resultando numa leitura leve e rápida. Ponderaria ler outros trabalhos do autor, em especial se os soubesse mais refinados ao nível da escrita.

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I decided to request this book on NetGalley after reading a comment which stated it was similar to Lost. In fact, the structure of the story reminds one of the TV series, but Peter Clines doesn't have the subtlety of its suspense and he crosses his mystery story with horror which ends up originating a rather weird novel.

14 is the story of how Nate moving into the Kavach building starts a chain reaction of events that culminate in the tenants discovery of exactly what is Kavach but also on the possibility of bringing about the end of humanity as we know it.

The building is in fact really weird. None of the tenants have dreams at night, there are green cockroaches with extra legs, each apartment has different size and organization and there are doors locked so they would never be opened. One can easily understand how they can't get a grip on their curiosity and, as they get to know each other, eventually become a group of investigators, much to the despair of the caretaker.

Clines' writing is simple and straightforward and his characters are generally all but pawns to his plot where the true star is the building itself. One can tell the book is, in essence, the result of the authors will to tell this story, without much dedication to the evolution of the characters, with the notable exception of Nate. The mystery is interesting and is revealed step by step, never slowing down the pace or showing too much of what's ahead. Trying not to spoil too much, if you're going to read 14 expect a mix of Lost, steampunk and H.P. Lovecraft. The book is teeming with cultural and geeky references, from Lost and Fringe to Star Trek and Twilight Zone, to the point where they become tiresome. I usually enjoy finding these small nods to cultural icons but when that is the author's sole means of adorning his text, the fun is drowned by exhaustion.

For those who don't mind SPOILERS, there's of course much more to say about 14. One of its strengths is his approach to human relations. He doesn't give them centre stage but he does show their influence on people's decision-making and he avoids those typical fittings or moralised endings. A guy finds a woman attractive but he ends up falling in love for another, not because one of them is shown to be better or worse, but simply because it happens. A weakness would be the ending, where immortal inter-dimensional travellers are dumb enough to give the puny humans time and chance to stop them from entering Earth.

Far from being a masterpiece, 14 is still competent as entertainment, leading the reader with breadcrumbs of revelations and always something unexpected waiting just around the corner, resulting in a quick and light read. I might read other works by Peter Clines, if I knew them to be more refined in terms of writing.

The Classic Horror Stories by H.P. Lovecraft

Mais um livro que requisitei no NetGalley, este porque nunca tinha lido H.P. Lovecraft. Já tinha intenção de me dedicar às suas histórias, até porque já li obras influenciadas por elas (é quase impossível escapar-lhe) e uma colecção das mais relevantes pareceu-me uma óptima forma de o fazer. Já noutras opiniões disse que o horror não é a minha praia, mas devo dizer que Lovecraft me surpreendeu pela positiva também nisso: as suas histórias são mais ao estilo "weird" do que propriamente horror, o que as tornou mais interessantes para mim.

Esta colecção começa por uma excelente introdução por Roger Luckhurst que contextualiza o leitor sem ser demasiado reveladora quanto às histórias que se seguem e termina com mais notas explicativas. A contribuição de Luckhurst é um dos pormenores que distingue esta de outras colecções de trabalhos de Lovecraft, dando-lhe uma componente quase académica mas longe de ser aborrecida. Há uma constante intenção de ajudar o leitor a perceber o texto como ele foi escrito. E nesse sentido - outro pormenor que distingue esta colecção - houve uma tentativa de reproduzir a obra o mais fielmente possível, tentando eliminar as alterações que foram feitas pelos diferentes editores que as publicaram inicialmente.

O livro inclui as seguintes histórias: The Horror at Red Hook, The Call of Cthulhu, The Colour out of Space, The Dunwich Horror, The Whisperer in Darkness, At the Mountains of Madness, The Dreams in the Witch House, The Shadow over Innsmouth e The Shadow out of Time. Há ainda um excerto do seu ensaio sobre o horror na literatura, Supernatural Horror in Literature.

Se a nível de interesse informativo e cultural, este foi dos livros mais importantes que li nos últimos tempos, a nível das histórias a minha opinião já não é tão homogénea. Por um lado, reconheço que Lovecraft é provavelmente o autor mais eficaz a criar um ambiente de estranheza e uma sensação de intrusão e imprevisibilidade que já li. Por outro lado, o exagero de adjectivos e a sua repetição - em especial de história para história - tornam-se frequentemente cansativos e prejudicam a leitura. A meu ver, o estilo funciona melhor em textos curtos e provavelmente lidos isoladamente, tal como foram publicados. Posto isto, percebe-se porque é que o que menos gostei foi At the Mountains of Madness, que embora seja dos seus trabalhos mais conhecidos é igualmente dos maiores e acabou por me aborrecer a meio da leitura.

H.P. Lovecraft concentra-se num tipo de medo diferente do habitual nas histórias mais tradicionais - de pendor religioso - ou mesmo nas actuais, que se concentram na sensação de encurralamento e de inimigos que se dissimulam no meio de nós. O medo das histórias de Lovecraft não se associa a nenhum castigo, a nenhuma culpa nem necessariamente a nada de humano. Vem do exterior, de fora da Terra, de fora da nossa "dimensão" até fora da nossa compreensão. Os seres que constituem o terror da obra de Lovecraft têm uma descrição quase inacreditável, tal é a estranheza do seu organismo. Há uma associação destes seres (com os quais Lovecraft criou toda uma estrutura interrelacionada que originou o que se chama mais tarde o Cthulhu Mythos) com cultos ou bruxaria, numa tentativa de aumentar a plausibilidade da história. As criaturas têm atitudes incompreensíveis, vivem ao longo de eras o que lhes dá uma visão distinta da sua própria existência e têm capacidades muito para além das nossas. O que é comum a todas as suas aparições é a sensação de estranheza da personagem narradora, como se o seu mundo estivesse a ser invadido por algo que não tem capacidade de entender e que, talvez por isso mesmo, o aterroriza imediatamente. Lovecraft transmite, mais do que medo, uma certa insanidade, através de um misto de dúvida e expectativa associadas a uma informação propositadamente pouco focada e sobre-adjectivada que deixa o leitor próximo da náusea.

Estas são histórias que presumem ultrapassados os medos medievais do moralismo religioso, da culpa própria, dos demónios que seduzem ou castigam, dos fiéis salvos e infiéis condenados e por isso se dedicam a explorar o medo de humanos que começam a questionar-se sobre a vida noutros planetas (e nas partes pouco exploradas do nosso), sobre a possibilidade de outras dimensões e da sua conexão com a nossa, sobre viagem no tempo, e de como podem haver outras criaturas com capacidades semelhantes ou superiores às nossas e intenções ininteligíveis que se cruzem connosco das formas mais imprevisíveis. Há, por outro lado, uma notória preocupação com a pureza racial e cultural que revela, para olhares atentos, o preconceito de que Lovecraft era abertamente apoiante e que pode diminuir o prazer da leitura.

Assim, recomendo esta colecção a quem ainda não tenha lido H.P. Lovecraft e tenha algum interesse em ficção especulativa e horror ou weird em especial, mas também a quem já tenha lido alguma história isolada ou traduzida e queira ler os trabalhos originais. Será também de especial utilidade a quem quiser conhecer o contexto do autor e da publicação de histórias cuja influência permeia muito do que se escreveu e escreve ainda hoje e não só na literatura de horror.

"Ph'nglui mglw'nafh Cthulhu R'lyeh wgah'nagl fhtagn"

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Another book from NetGalley, this one because I had never read H.P. Lovecraft. I had thought about it, of course, after reading works influenced by him (it's almost impossible not to) and a collection of his most relevant stories seemed like a great way to finally do it. I've previously mentioned here that I'm not a great fan of horror literature, but I must say that Lovecraft surprised me with stories more close to what we call weird than actual horror, which made this that much more interesting to me.

This collection starts with an excellent introduction by Roger Luckhurst that gives the reader some contextual information without spoiling too much and ends with some more explanatory notes. Luckhurst's contribution in one of the details that distinguish this from other Lovecraftian collections, giving it an almost academical component without ever being boring or over-thought. There is a real intention to help the reader understand the text as it was written. Towards that - another distinguishing detail - the works were reproduced as faithfully to the original writing as possible without the alterations made by the different editors that published them in the first place.

The book collects the following stories: The Horror at Red Hook, The Call of Cthulhu, The Colour out of Space, The Dunwich Horror, The Whisperer in Darkness, At the Mountains of Madness, The Dreams in the Witch House, The Shadow over Innsmouth and The Shadow out of Time.  The is also an excerpt from his essay, Supernatural Horror in Literature.

If when it comes to cultural interest, this was one of the most important books I've read recently, my thoughts on the stories themselves aren't always as positive. On on hand, I recognize that Lovecraft is, to my knowledge, probably the most effective author generating an ambience of weirdness and feelings of intrusion and unpredictability. On the other hand, the amount of adjectives and their repetition - specially in different stories - become overwhelming and tiresome. I feel his style works best in short stories and probably read separately, as they were published. Given all I've just said, it's easy to see why the one I enjoyed less was At the Mountains of Madness, which in spite of being one of his best known works is also one of the biggest and ended up boring me.

H.P.Lovecraft focuses on a kind of fear that differs from the usual in the more traditional, religiously biased stories or in the contemporary ones, that focus on feelings of entrapment and enemies hidden in plain sight. The fear in Lovecraft isn't associated with any punishment or guilt or even anything necessarily human. It comes from the outside, from space, from other dimensions, it's external to our comprehension. The terrifying beings in his works have a near incredible description, such is the weirdness of their organisms. There is an association between these creatures (with whom he created a whole interconnecting structure that came to be called the Cthulhu Mythos) and cults or witchcraft contributing to the plausibility of the stories. The creatures have incomprehensible behaviour, live through ages which gives them a different concept of existence and have abilities far beyond ours. Common to every one of their appearances is the feeling of weirdness they cause to the narrator, as if his world was being invaded by something he can't understand and that, perhaps precisely because of that, terrifies him immediately. Lovecraft transmits, more that fear, this feeling of near insanity, through a mix of doubt and expectation associated with blurred and over-adjectivized information that gets the reader almost to nausea.

These are stories that assume we've left behind those fears associated with religious morality, with guilt, seducing or punishing devils, saved pious or doomed non-believers and because of that are dedicated to the exploration of the fears of those who question alien life, outer-dimensional life, time travel or who consider the possibility of there being other creatures with abilities similar or superior to ours and whose intentions are unintelligible even when we come across them. There is, on the other hand, an obvious preoccupation with racial and cultural purity which shows, to those who are alert, a prejudice that Lovecraft was openly supportive of - something that can spoil the experience of reading his work.

As it is, I recommend this collection to those who haven't read H.P. Lovecraft and have any interest in speculative fiction and horror or weird in particular, but also to those who have read one or other isolated work and wishes to read the original and more memorable ones. It will also be useful to those who wish to understand the author's context, a man who came to influence so much of what has been written ever since, and not just in horror literature.

"Yog-Sothoth knows the gate. Yog-Sothoth is the gate. Yog-Sothoth is the key and guardian of the gate. Past, present, future, all are one in Yog-Sothoth. He knows where the Old Ones broke through of old, and where They shall break through again. He knows where They have trod earth's fields, and where They still tread them, and why no one can behold Them as They tread."

Follow the Money: The Money Trail Through History by Ruben Alvarado

Há muito que queria começar a ler sobre finanças e economia e quando a oportunidade de ler um livro sobre a história do dinheiro através do NetGalley não podia deixa-la escapar.

Ruben Alvarado transporta o leitor ao longo da nossa própria história, desde as primeiras trocas de produtos até ao dinheiro como o conhecemos hoje. Foi muito interessante ver a sua análise de vários momentos importantes da nossa civilização relacionando-os com o que aconteceu na altura com o dinheiro, desde o material de que era feito, a sua escassez ou abundância ou os seus movimentos internacionais até às primeiras experiências com dinheiro de papel e o abandono do gold standard. O livro termina na crise actual, no entanto não há aqui uma tentativa de a analisar mais profundamente do que as restantes situações referidas.

Há alguns momentos em que o autor se deixa levar pelas suas opiniões pessoais e se afasta de certa forma de uma análise isenta, mas em geral isto não se torna um problema. Por outro lado, a situação do dinheiro actual e de como as suas características afectam as sociedades podia ter sido explicada com maior detalhe, dado ser bastante mais complicada de perceber do que as anteriores.

Em geral, uma leitura rápida e informativa, que recomendo a todos os que tenham interesse nesta área, mesmo que completamente leigos em relação ao assunto do dinheiro.

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I've been wanting to start reading about finance and economy for a while so when this came up on NetGalley I couldn't miss the oportunity.

Ruben Alvarado takes the reader on a trip through our history, from the first trades to the creation of money as we know it today. It was really interesting to read his analysis of multiple moments of our civilization intertwining them with what happened with the money at the same time, from the material it was made of, its scarcity or abundance, its international flow to the first experiences with paper money and the abandonment of the gold standard. The book ends at the current financial and economic crisis, though the author doesn't emphasize its analysis over the past history.

There are some moments when the author gets somewhat carried away with his own opinions undermining his impartial analysis but in general this doesn't become a problem. On the other hand, current money and how its characteristics affect societies could have been explained in more detail because it is quite more difficult to understand than past situations.

All in all, a quick and informative read that I recommend to all interested in this area, even if completely new to the subject.

Montaro Caine by Sidney Poitier

Descobri Montaro Caine no NetGalley e fiz a requisição porque fiquei curioso, não só por ser do Sidney Poitier, mas também pela descrição. O livro é, no fundo, a vida do Montaro Caine, um CEO de uma empresa mineira e de engenharia química, no início do enredo aparentemente prestes a perder o controlo da empresa. À medida que a história é contada, vamos percebendo que Montaro é uma pessoa atípica, com uma infância complicada e que vê o avô não só como uma figura paternal mas como uma espécie de guia. Simultaneamente desenvolve-se o enredo aparentemente paralelo onde uma criança nasce com uma moeda na mão. É esta história que nos mostra que estamos perante ficção especulativa e que me foi mantendo o interesse na leitura. Ao longo do livro Montaro vê-se perante uma situação complicada, que envolve não só esta moeda com materiais desconhecidos e aparecimento no mínimo misterioso, como coleccionadores milionários, burlões, família e até pessoas do seu próprio passado. Claro que no final todas as pontas soltas misteriosas se ligam numa revelação que tem como centro, mas não como único foco, o próprio Montaro Caine.

A personagem principal está bem desenvolvida, as suas motivações e decisões, as interacções com a família, com a empresa na situação habitual, com empregados, com desconhecidos, as suas imperfeições e o seu carácter, tudo parece fazer sentido e raramente é forçado para dar jeito ao enredo. O resto das personagens raramente são tão bem desenvolvidas e são essencialmente o suporte para a história, embora haja alguns bons momentos.

Infelizmente acaba aqui aquilo que o livro teve de interessante para mim. A questão da moeda acabou por se revelar de certa forma previsível, com uma aproximação à ficção científica pouco aprofundada ou original. O final do enredo foi prejudicado essencialmente por querer dar o palco ao grande defeito do livro, a mensagem paternalista de auto-confiança, esperança, trabalho e união que o autor quis passar à força. Não que a mensagem seja má per se, mas a forma como foi sendo "martelada" ao longo de toda a história torna a leitura por vezes irritante. As conversas com o avô são um exemplo disso. Montaro vem com dúvidas práticas e pragmáticas, o avô limita-se a dizer-lhe que confie em si (de várias maneiras diferentes) e o neto quase magicamente acaba por arranjar soluções. A leitura aproxima-se em certos momentos da de livros de Paulo Coelho, ou do que suponho seja a sensação de ler O Segredo e é tanto melhor quanto mais se afasta disso.

Há nesta obra uma ideia positiva, que é a de que perante oportunidades de crescimento e progresso (aqui representadas pela moeda, pelo conhecimento, pela ciência) devemos tentar unirmo-nos e trabalhar em conjunto para esse fim. No entanto o facto do autor pregar estas ideias em vez de as demonstrar e de as associar a um certo efeito mágico da motivação e da esperança estraga o que poderia ser, conceptualmente, uma história interessante. Fica assim uma leitura aceitável que agradará a quem gostar de ver explorada a vertente do negócio, do bluff, da forma como os interesses de uns e outros vão sendo jogados por uns e outros, cada um centrado na sua vontade e com um protagonista bem conseguido, mas que ficará à quem das expectativas de leitores mais experimentados, especialmente na ficção científica, e que desaconselho sem reservas a quem não suporta narradores-pregadores.

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I found Montaro Caine at NetGalley and decided to request it not only because of the author but because the description enticed me. The book is, bottom-line, the story of Montaro Caine's life, the CEO of a mining-chemistry corporation apparently on the verge of loosing its control. As the tale is told, we start to understand Montaro as an atypical individual, with a complicated youth and a grandfather who he sees not only as a father-figure but as a true guide. Simultaneously, the apparently parallel plot starts to be developed, as we read about a child who is born with a coin in her hand. This is what shows we are about to read some sort of speculative fiction and also what made me curious enough to keep reading. Eventually, as Montaro and this coin with impossible materials become more connected, he is lead into some complicated situations all at once, be it negotiations with millionaire collectors, scams and troubles with his family and even the return of people and stories from his own past. Of course all these loose ends come together at an ending that is centred around Montaro, but not at all solely focused on him.

Montaro is a well developed character, with fleshed out motives and decisions, character and imperfections, and interesting interactions with the company, his employees, his family, where he makes sense without seeming too pushed into stuff just for the sake of the plot.

Unfortunately this is all that's good with this book. The issue with the mysterious coin ends up being quite predictable in a very superficial and far from original approach to science fiction. The ending was ruined because it gave centre stage to the worst of this novel, the preaching. The author is quite paternalistic in the way he conveys his message of self-confidence, hope, union and effort, and at times gets close to what Paulo Coelho does on his books (and also, I imagine, to what the Secret has to say). The book is at its best when the author escapes from those moments. One example of what annoyed me is his interaction with his grandfather. Montaro comes with a very objective doubt, a practical issue that he can't find the solution to, speaks with his grandfather who, in a lot of different ways, usually tells him to trust himself and eventually he comes up with a solution. Once this would be fine, everyone needs a confidence boost once in a while, but for this to be the means to solve problems seems to me quite stupid.

There is a very positive message in this novel, one that tells us that we should unite and work together towards our common progress, here conveyed by the coin and science as a means to the betterment of humanity. However, the fact that the author preaches this instead of showing and associates the message with the magical effect of hope and motivation spoils what could have been, at least conceptually, an interesting story. As it is, this is a passable read with a good protagonist which will please those who enjoy the negotiation, bluff and overall playing and taking advantage of each characters' interests but will be below the expectations of more experienced readers - specially in science fiction - and one that I thoroughly do not recommend for people who can't stand preaching narrators.

The Beautiful Thing That Awaits Us All by Laird Barron

I asked for an advanced e-version of this book from Netgalley because I really liked the name and cover and also because it's about time I read some good horror stories. The Beautiful Thing That Awaits Us All is not only the first of Laird Barron's works I've read but also the first time I read a horror anthology. I haven't even read H.P. Lovecraft I'm afraid. So take this as a beginner's review, someone who didn't really have specific expectations or previous works in the genre to compare to. The book will be made available on April the 2nd.

This book collects nine stories and I'll start by talking a bit about each of them.

The first tale is Blackwood's Baby, a nice introduction into the theme and the author's apparent intent. We follow a hunter who gets invited to a special hunt, in a forest known to be haunted or else associated to some supernatural infernal being and those who cut deals with him. We are given all the campfire chills we would expect from such a typical setting, but at a pace and with such a surprising build up and development that puts it miles away from most of the plots we see in horror films. Barron even has space to explore some issues of social hierarchy but the two things that stand out in Blackwood's Baby are the main character, a complex and mysterious Luke Honey who really drives the story, and the ending which keeps nagging you at the back of your mind long after you've read it. I noticed that while at first, just after finishing the story, I was rather confused, probably because I am not used to this kind of theme and storytelling, after delving more into the book I came to like it much more. The fact that the author doesn't put all the evil in the supernatural beings and allows the humans to have the worst intentions and actions gave me hope that this would be something more than a bunch of scary stories. 

After all the weirdness of the first one, The Redfield Girls starts off as a very simple story. Some women who travel on vacations together, this time forced to take a new element, Bernice's niece who appeared without warning at her door the day before the trip. Of course they had to go to a a place with a lake which here represents the unknown and scary and also the place where Bernice's aunt died years ago. The characters are very believable and their actions seem genuine but the plot, apart from one or two good moments, is somewhat predictable and the spookiness didn't work as well as in other cases. I liked The Redfield Girls, mostly for the "girls" themselves and for the play the facts versus its interpretation and people's imagination of lack thereof, but it's far from the best story here.

Hand of Glory on the other hand is my favourite story of the collection and the only one I felt I'd keep on reading if there was more written on those characters and setting. Johnny Cope - the main character - is a hit-man who was attacked and sets out to investigate and get some good old revenge, something that turns out to be much more complicated that he thought. The whole investigation, the weird people he meets, the dark magic abounding and the overall uncertainty are really well played but the strong point is the development of the character and the insight into who he is, who he thinks he is or even who he wishes he could be. This becomes even better because at the same time he questions himself, his motives or purpose, he also feels he is surrounded by people of unknown or ever shifting allegiances and unreliable information. Laird Barron brings us a truly character driven story with a horror and suspense setting which works just right. Add up references to real people and history with a twist and some unique villains about whom we are never sure of anything and you know why Hand of Glory became one of best short stories I've read.

The next in line is The Carrion Gods in Their Heaven, where we follow an abused wife hiding from her former husband with her girlfriend in an old cabin in the woods. Everybody knows one shouldn't go to such a place if one is a character in a horror story, but if you think it's a bunch of film clichés, think again, the danger might not come from the forest or a haunted shack or whatever. Sometimes it's our own curiosity that dooms us as much as it saves us. This is an original tale based on a known myth of transformation into an animal. I wasn't really hooked by the plot or the characters but I liked the uncertain ending.

In The Siphon we return to what Laird Barron does best, a plot that gives the story a structure while allowing the reader to have some insights into the mind of the weird characters he creates. The main character is a psychopath but so are some others he meets in a tale where the greed of humans is paralleled with the hunger of some supernatural beings whose revelation, description and actions will make you squirm until the very end.

The Jaws of Saturn take us back to the setting of Hand of Glory, though even the very same Phil Wary manipulating and using people to his dark intent isn't enough to make it as interesting a story as the previous one. There is something more predictable and less scary about this plot and its main character. In spite of that, I liked the reference and the feeling I was slowly getting to know Phil, here portrayed as a dark magician in the open, all resistant to bullets, super strength and mind-control.

What to say about Vastation? I think the author had to try an array of psychoactive drugs in order to come up with this kind of storytelling. It's a surreal look into the mind and "life" of a godlike being, someone who is immortal, capable of time-travel and of all sorts of other superhuman things. In spite of all this lack of clarity, Vastation ends up being the best story at evoking a feeling of life (and death) as a circle and of how boring it all would become if one had to exist outside of it. Though it is true for all other, this was the story that most suffered from interrupted reading. If you can, read it all at once or at least during the same day. I believe the experience will end up much better than if you do otherwise.

The Men from Porlock is another very good horror tale that uses a forest to place the characters in a context where everything can happen, where the unknown is full of possibilities, where finding an isolated community who sacrifice people is both believable and terrifying. The name should tell most of the veteran readers that these men are as unwelcome interruption and by now one already knows what Laird allows his characters to do or suffer but it's the way things are revealed that makes this one of the best stories in the collection. And to think they only wanted to hunt for some food.

The last tale, More Dark, gives a weird ending to the book and was, unfortunately, the only one I didn't enjoy reading. This is due not only to the rather confusing text but also and mostly because it is a reference to real people, mostly horror authors I suppose, of whom I know nothing. This, added to the lack of explanation or insight into who the people in More Dark are made me feel uninterested and even bored at times, in spite of the looming darkness the author was still able to transmit. Some kind of metafiction in a genre I know little about couldn't work for me.

As a whole, this was a good collection, with a very good but versatile prose and a pervasive unsettling feeling - which probably comes from the fact that Laird Barron tends to describe the scariest moments and revelations as if the characters were in fact hallucinating. Connecting the stories is not only this hallucination but also that sensation that there is always something lurking in the shadows, on the corner of the character's eye (or is it on the corner of my eye?) that we never really grasp. The references to myth and culture and the characters or ideas that appear in more than one story add to the excitement and make the anthology work as a whole. The different ways the author explored death are still with me, making me think about ends, beginnings, transitions and even considering the possibility that most of the moments we see as endings, destructions or disappearances, are thought of as such because of our own lack of knowledge and self-confidence. Most of those moments end up as being little transitions into "more of the same". Might death be, in spite of all the awe and terror most cultures and religions associate with it, just another one of those, a way into something quite like the life we had until then?
As a final note, I must say that even though I'm not really into reading horror - by itself, as entertainment, I prefer epic fantasy or science fiction - Laird Barron convinced me with the main characters he creates, some of the best, most complex and fleshed out I've seen in short fiction. My favourite stories were Hand of Glory, The Siphon and The Men from Porlock, previously published in The Book of Cthulhu II, Blood and Other Cravings and The Book of Cthulhu, respectively.

If you like horror, read The Beautiful Thing That Awaits Us All. If want to try it out and feel like you need some strong characters and thought-provoking stories to enjoy it, then Hand of Glory is definitely for you. If you don't like horror stories, undefined mythologies and unexplained mysteries, stay away from this. In my case, if I ever return to horror anthologies, I'll be sure to look for Laird Barron in the participant authors list.

The thing that awaits us all, according to Laird Barron, beautiful is not.

Brave New Worlds: Dystopian Stories edited by John Joseph Adams

I requested this anthology from NetGalley because of the name - who doesn't want to read anything good related to Brave New World? - and because it was edited by John Joseph Adams whose work I've been curious about for a while. I got this selection which consists in the three short stories added to its second edition. Another important factor was my being a fan of dystopian fiction.

The three stories have a previous sort of preface where the author is presented and the theme of the tale that follows is hinted or offered some background information.

The first story is The Cull by Robert Reed and was probably my favourite of the three. It reminded me of Wool, in which it follows a community shut off from the outside world where individuals are excluded when they step out of line apparently by sending them away from the place to an outside world where they surely can't survive. Similarities kind of end right there though. We are told the story by an android medical doctor who is a kind of keeper, simultaneously the doctor and the judge of the humans he "tends to". This tending involves the use of some brain implants that keep everyone in the community (or almost everyone) feeling happy all the time - and this is where I smiled and remembered Huxley's soma. He slowly unveils not only what happens to a kid who is becoming dangerous, behaving aggressively and rather unpredictably in various situations, but also what his intentions towards the whole community are. But he does it so slyly and slowly that the reader is as tricked as the kid or the people right to the very end and is still left questioning how to should judge the doctor's actions.

The second story, by Jennifer Pelland, is called Personal Jesus (yes, the Depeche Mode song). Here, this concept is given a very material interpretation: your Personal Jesus is an object that everyone in the country has connected to their body, forever controlling your social and personal behaviour by means of electric shocks full of divine love and care. The fact that it is written as an enumeration of rules, as if you were given the leaflet on how to live in the Ecclesiastical States of America, adds to the fun and had me laughing out loud.

The last story is The Perfect Match by Ken Liu and I'll start by saying it isn't just a romance in the dystopian age. It does have some of that, but the main focus is driven widely away from it and into the exploration of what this world of communications and informations directed by algorithms can lead us to. There were some moments where the narrator decides to tell you the interpretation you could be making on your own, which is a bit annoying specially in a story exploring this theme, but overall it's a good tale and does question very important issues. Ken Liu reminds us, on one side, that we are already being controlled by those who choose which news or updates to put up at the top of our lists or timelines, and on the other side, of what a world where we grow isolated, each one only seeing and doing what he supposedly wants or likes a priori, looks like.

The book ends with some recommendation pages, on dystopian films and books worth watching or reading. Something I should never read again, should I want to have money to buy food and pay bills and space in my room to live.
This selection worked really well as a sneak preview of the anthology, so much that I instantly added the book to my wishlist. Highly recommended for people who like dystopian works, short fiction or overall science fiction fans.

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Requisitei esta antologia no NetGalley por causa do nome - qualquer coisa relacionada com o Admirável Mundo Novo me interessa - por ter sido editada por John Joseph Adams, cujo trabalho me desperta bastante curiosidade, e por ser ficção distópica. Foi-me dado acesso a esta selecção de três histórias que foram adicionadas à primeira edição publicada.

Cada história começa com uma apresentação do seu autor e uma introdução ou referência relacionada com o tema a explorar de seguida.

A primeira história é The Cull de Robert Reed e foi provavelmente a minha favorita. Lembrou-me do Wool por ter uma sociedade isolada do mundo exterior onde indivíduos são expulsos para o exterior quando se tornam diferentes, perigosos, na expectativa de que morram sem recursos. As semelhanças, no entanto, ficam-se por aqui. Em The Cull a história é contada por um andróide que é uma espécie de pastor, simultaneamente médico e juiz dos humanos que "guarda". Tomar conta dos humanos aqui implica o uso de implantes cerebrais que o andróide controla de forma a manter toda a gente - ou quase toda - constantemente feliz (recordando-me a soma do Huxley). Ele vai-nos revelando lentamente não só o destino de um miúdo que se tornou perigoso, agressivo e imprevisível, mas também quais são as suas intenções para toda a comunidade. Mas fá-lo de tal forma, lenta e sorrateiramente, que nos engana tanto como às outras personagens e nos deixa, no final, a questionar como julgar as suas acções.

A segunda história, de Jennifer Pelland chama-se Personal Jesus (sim, a canção dos Depeche Mode). Aqui, o conceito é interpretado de uma forma muito material: o Personal Jesus é um objecto que cada pessoa no país tem inseparavelmente ligado ao seu corpo, controlando para sempre o seu comportamento pessoal e social através de choques eléctricos cheios de amor divino. O facto de estar escrito como uma enumeração de regras, como se se trata-se de um panfleto sobre como viver nos Ecclesiastical States of America, torna tudo ainda mais engraçado.

A última história é The Perfect Match de Ken Liu e começo já por informar que não é só uma história romântica como o nome poderia indicar. Aliás o conto foca-se principalmente na exploração da sociedade a que este mundo com algoritmos que controlam a informação que temos e as comunicações que vemos pode levar. Houve alguns momentos em que o narrador decide começar a oferecer a sua interpretação das coisas em vez de a deixar ao critério do leitor, algo irritante em especial dado o tema, mas em geral é uma boa história que questiona situações extremamente relevantes nos dias de hoje. O autor não só nos lembra do quão controlados somos por quem decide o que aparece nas nossas listas e timelines mas também de quais seriam as consequências de vivermos isolados, cada um exposto apenas às coisas que, a priori, é provável gostar.

O livro termina com algumas listas de recomendações de filmes ou livros distópicos, algo que eu nunca mais devia ver, sob pena de ficar sem dinheiro e espaço no quarto para viver.

Esta selecção funcionou muito bem como uma previsão da antologia, e gostei de tal forma que quero comprar o livro, que me parece de recomendar não só a quem como eu adora distopias como a fãs de ficção curta e ficção científica em geral.

The Massive Volume 1: Black Pacific by Brian Wood

I knew Brian Wood from his Northlanders and X-Men work, so when I heard he was starting a comic based on a post-apocalyptic environmental dystopia I was sure I'd eventually get to read it and probably like it. As luck had it, this was the first comic I got from NetGalley to review and I must say my expectations were met.

The Massive is a story placed on a Planet Earth after all environmental hazard-hell broke loose, and follows a group of environmental activists, as they deal with the new world, find their place in it and travel in their boat, The Kapital, searching for their lost fellow ship, The Massive. This isn't so much an exploration of the fallout - the "Crash" - as it is an exploration of humanity after the society is no more, after everything changes almost instantaneously, in an unrecognisable world. And this is the first thing I liked about it because it's much more interesting to analyse the environment question as ways to avoid apocalypse or how are we to live after it than the usual cinema overused "day after tomorrow" formula. 

"This new world we're living in? It's not always going to afford us the luxury of a personal moral code."

The way the author shows us what happened to the planet is by short reports of localized events and then using them to return to the narrative. Associated to these moments, the narrator sometimes reminds us of a documentary-like voice which is not only adequate considering the theme but also contributes to the immersion of the reader in that world.

The broken society here doesn't limit itself to the street riots, looting and the usual first day after the end ideas. In the world of The Massive the civilization in no more. Countries that still exist are isolated, international commerce and consumerism is gone, cities are controlled by gangs and militias, pure drinkable water is harder to find than oil or pirates.

This first volume introduces the crew of The Kapital, the concept of their peaceful organization - Ninth Wave - and their current main purpose: surviving while searching The Massive. Here again I must praise the author's skill in the way he shows who these people are, both with the multiple situations they must face right now and with the flashbacks that tells us where they come from and how they ended up being who they are and where they are. Of all of them, Callum - the leader - is undoubtedly the most interesting, though he is by no means the single focus of the story. What I do feel is that all the others are more close to the typical stereotypes in these stories and serve as a good structure on which to show and develop Callum. Despite all this, all the crew ends up feeling like a believable group of people that will be interesting to follow in the times to come. 

The illustration is wonderful, both in the storytelling moments and in the world-building ones and the people seem real, their faces are distinct and emotional and their world is astonishing. Kristian Donaldson, Garry Brown and Dave Stewart do an excellent job of making Brian Wood's story seem real, plausible, "just around the corner" but also surprising and at times quite terrifying. I must emphasize the colorist's great work, at the same time helping to unify the whole book but also distinguishing the different narrative timelines and places.

All in all, this comic has an interesting setting with lots of space to grow, action and adventure enough and characters worth following. This first part does feel a bit introductory, as is usual and unavoidable in this kind of series, and I'm happy to have read it as a collected volume.